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Long-term unemployed workers in states with persisting high joblessness soon would no longer be able to count on unemployment benefit checks for up to 99 weeks under legislation before Congress.

Under this week’s compromise for extending a Social Security tax cut through the rest of 2012, federal unemployment benefits for people who have been out of work more than six months are being scaled back.

If Congress passes the bill and President Barack Obama signs it into law, the current maximum 99 weeks of benefits will gradually fall to 73 weeks by September. For people in all but about a dozen of the highest unemployment states, the benefits will be cut off after 63 weeks.

Democrats had hoped to keep the number as close as possible to 99 weeks, arguing that the benefits are critical for those struggling to make ends meet and provide a boost to the economy. Republicans wanted to reduce the maximum time span for benefits to 59 weeks, saying too many people don’t seriously look for a job until the government checks quit coming.

The agreement would let both parties claim victory: Democrats say they preserved the program for another year, while Republicans claim they won major concessions by scaling back the program.

About 43 percent of the nation’s nearly 13 million unemployed have been without work for more than six months, double the rate of any other economic downturn since the Great Depression. If Congress had not reached a deal to reauthorize the program, about a million people would have lost benefits next month.

“It’s far from perfect, but it seems to be a responsible approach to the current problem of long-term unemployment,” said George Wentworth, an attorney with the National Employment Law Project, a worker advocacy group that supports long-term benefits.

It was not immediately clear how many people might lose out on benefits later this year under the new plan. Currently, 22 states are eligible for 93-plus weeks of unemployment insurance; just 18 get the full maximum of 99 weeks. The average unemployed worker receives less than $300 a week in benefits.

Wentworth said the gradual decrease would help cushion the blow for those relying on the benefits.

The plan would extend the current 99-week maximum through May for states with the highest unemployment rates. Benefits would drop to 79 weeks in June and to 73 weeks in September. Unless Congress extends the federal benefits again, people losing their jobs after July 1 will get only 26 weeks.

“This agreement is a step in the right direction,” said James Sherk, a policy analyst at the conservative Heritage Foundation. “However, two years of benefits was excessive when passed and a year-and-a-half of benefits in an improving labor market is still excessive.”

The program was already winding down anyway. Under the current formula, the maximum coverage period would have fallen to 79 weeks in October.

The job market has been steadily improving and fewer people are filing for the benefits. On Thursday, the Labor Department reported that the number of people seeking unemployment benefits last week was the lowest it’s been in four years.

The new law will allow states to make benefit applicants take drug tests if they lost their job because they failed a drug test or are applying for a job that requires one. Republicans dropped an effort to let states require all applicants to take a drug test, or require applicants without a high school diplomas to pursue a GED certificate.

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Robert Zoellick plans to step down from his post at the head of the World Bank when his current term ends on June 30.

Zoellick, 58, informed the bank’s board of his decision on Wednesday. The World Bank, a multinational organization, provides financial assistance to developing countries — $247 billion during his five-year term.

"I’m honored to have led such a world-class institution," he said in his statement. "When the world needed the bank to step up, our shareholders responded with expanded resources and support for key reforms that made us quicker, more effective and more open." (The world’s 10 largest economies)

The bank said it had its first general capital increase in more than 20 years under Zoellick’s term. He emphasized that the bank’s health made it a "natural time to move on."

Zoellick previously served as international vice chairman at Goldman Sachs (, Fortune 500) and in various government positions, including U.S. trade representative. He was also an executive vice president of Fannie Mae from 1993 to 1997.

The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund were the two major multinational organizations started in the wake of World War II to provide assistance and economic stability to troubled nations in an effort to help maintain global economic growth.

Zoellick is the 11th head of the World Bank since its founding in 1946. Historically, the World Bank has been headed by an American, while the IMF has been headed by a European.

But last year, when the IMF was looking for a new managing director, there were calls for a non-European in the position, due to the IMF’s role in backstopping emerging economies. Given the World Bank’s similar focus, there could also be a push for a non-American as its next president.

Despite those calls, French finance minister Christine Lagarde won the IMF job, which opened up due to Dominique Strauss-Kahn’s resignation in the wake of sexual assault charges that were later dropped.  

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The federal deficit was lower through the first four months of the budget year than the same period last year. Still, the deficit is expected to top $1 trillion for the fourth year in a row, putting more pressure on Congress and President Barack Obama in an election year.

The deficit totaled $349 billion through January, the Treasury Department said Friday. That’s $70 billion less than at the same point last year. January’s monthly deficit was $27 billion, roughly half of the deficit in January 2011.

The White House later confirmed a report that President Obama’s new budget predicts a $1.3 trillion deficit for the full fiscal year, which began on Oct. 1. The figures were first reported in The Wall St. Journal, which viewed leaked draft budget documents.

If the administration is correct, the 2012 deficit would be the same as last year’s imbalance. The government ran an all-time record deficit of $1.41 trillion in fiscal 2009, and a $1.29 trillion imbalance in 2010.

This year’s deficit is running lower in part because of higher corporate tax receipts, the department said. That has boosted government revenue to $790 billion from October through January.

Spending fell to $1.14 trillion in the same period, though excluding the accounting changes it was largely flat.

Still, the picture hasn’t improved as much as the Congressional Budget Office had estimated it would last year bad credit pay day loans. In August, the agency projected that the deficit would come in at $973 billion this year. But last week, it boosted its estimate, citing lower than expected tax revenues.

Congress has shown little ability recently to make difficult changes to tax levels or spending programs to reduce the deficit. They will face another big challenge at the end of this year, when tax cuts that were first enacted in 2001 and 2003 are set to expire. And a set of automatic spending cuts totaling about $1.2 trillion over 10 years is also scheduled to kick in.

Those changes, along with several other provisions that will automatically take effect under current law, would substantially reduce the deficit in future years.

But the CBO estimates that if Congress extends the tax cuts, as many observers expect, and if they block the spending cuts, the deficit will remain near $900 billion or higher for the next 10 years.

President Obama is set to release his annual budget proposal Monday. It will include a set of economic projections, including that unemployment will average 8.9 percent this year. White House officials dismissed the figure Thursday as outdated. The rate fell to 8.3 percent in January.

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Greek political leaders were meeting Wednesday to hammer out an agreement on austerity reforms as the nation scrambles to avoid a default.

Prime Minister Lucas Papademos and the leaders of Greece’s governing coalition are debating a draft of reforms aimed at cutting public spending, including layoffs, minimum wage reductions and pension reforms.

Greece needs to finalize the austerity program soon to pave the way for a second bailout of €130 billion from the European Union, International Monetary Fund and European Central Bank. Without these funds, Greece could miss a €14.5 billion bond redemption in March.

If the leaders can agree to the austerity measures, Papademos is expected to call a cabinet meeting, followed by a largely symbolic vote in the Greek parliament. The whole process could take several days to finalize.

The negotiations were postponed twice this week amid political wrangling and protests by Greek labor unions. But the pressure to reach a deal was on after finance ministers from the 17 nations that use the euro announced plans to hold an impromptu meeting Thursday.

The finance ministers will discuss the situation in Greece, according to a spokesman for Eurogroup president Jean-Claude Juncker.

"The president has decided it is the right time," for the ministers to meet, the spokesman said. "Discussion is needed now."

What’s next for Europe?

Greece, which owes some €330 billion, has come close to default before.

The nation has struggled to follow through on austerity measures and economic reforms that were a condition of its 2010 bailout package. But the Greek economy has been in recession for years and many analysts warn that additional austerity could make the situation worse.

Papademos announced Sunday that party leaders had agreed on the "main elements" of the program, including a plan to reduce public spending by 1 no fax cash loans.5% of gross domestic output this year.

On Monday, Papademos and Greek Finance Minister Evangelos Venizelos met with officials from the EU, IMF and ECB, collectively known as the troika.

In a statement issued after the meeting, Venizelos said the Greek people face a "dramatic and acute dilemma."

The austerity reforms under discussion will have "very high social costs," he said. But if negotiations fail, that would bankrupt the country and lead to "even greater sacrifices," he warned.

"The finalization of the new loan agreement and receipt of money is vital for the salvation of Greece," said Venizeols.

Meanwhile, Greece appears close to a deal with its creditors in the private sector to write down a portion of the nation’s debt.

My Big Fat Greek speculative rally

The agreement, which would result in significant losses for bondholders, is intended to help reduce Greece’s debts to 120% of GDP by 2020, from about 160% currently.

The worsening Greek economy has raised calls for the nation’s creditors in the "official sector" to provide some relief.

The European Central Bank, which holds an estimated €30 billion to €45 billion of Greek debt, is under pressure to forego profits on those bonds, as are individual euro area central banks.

The ECB is reportedly considering a plan to swap its Greek bonds, which the bank bought at a discount, for securities issued by the European Financial Stability Facility. The ECB would reportedly not suffer a loss on the transaction, but the move could help save Greece €11 billion.

– CNN’s Elinda Labropoulou contributed reporting from Athens.  

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A Michigan factory that made luxury yachts before the recession and diversified to add wind energy products when times got tough was touted by President Barack Obama at his State of the Union Address as an example of an industry creating forward-thinking jobs _ with a little help from the government.

In urging Congress to approve clean energy tax credits, Obama cited Energetx Composites LLC, a wind turbine blade manufacturer in Holland, Mich., that received millions in government assistance. Invited to sit in the first lady’s box during the speech Tuesday night was Bryan Ritterby, 58, who went to work for Energetx after being laid off from his furniture-making jobs three years ago.

“Some technologies don’t pan out; some companies fail,” Obama said. “But I will not walk away from the promise of clean energy. I will not walk away from workers like Bryan.”

Without mentioning it by name, Obama appeared to be defending his administration’s support of Solyndra LLC, the California solar panel maker that received a $528 million government loan but filed for bankruptcy court protection last year. Energetx is in a somewhat different situation than Solyndra but still must fend off skepticism from critics who contend government-assisted clean energy products often don’t produce enough high-wage jobs to make it worth the money.

“They must have had to look pretty hard to find someone working in alternative energy,” said Donald Grimes, a senior research specialist at University of Michigan. “I think the politics is what’s driving almost this delusion of where the jobs are. If you want to tout the future of where green energy jobs are going, it’s going to be garbage collection.”

Indeed, waste management and treatment is among the categories with the most “clean economy” jobs in the United States, according to a 2011 report by the Metropolitan Policy Program of the Brookings Institution, a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit think tank. The category represented about 385,000 jobs in 2010; the wind industry employed 24,294 the same year, the report said.

In 2009, a state board announced a $27.3 million tax credit over 15 years to encourage Energetx to expand. The money is tied to the creation of about 1,000 jobs at the company, and won’t be awarded in cases where jobs don’t materialize. It also got a $3.5 million state award for “energy excellence” in 2010, which was expected to be matched by the U.S. Department of Energy.

The company is far short of its ultimate job target now _ with fewer than 50 employees currently making the turbine blades and other projects _ but it expects to hire roughly 100 more this year, mostly in composite manufacturing. The company would not release specific wage rages, but human resources director Steven Busch said pay will be competitive with similar manufacturing jobs in the Midwest.

U.S. Rep. Bill Huizenga, a Republican whose district includes Holland, said he doesn’t “see a Solyndra-type situation” with Energetx or other clean energy companies in southwest Michigan, such as those that produce batteries for alternative-fuel vehicles. Combined, the area around Holland has about 7.5 percent of its workforce employed in the broad category of “clean jobs,” compared with the national average of 2 percent.

“This isn’t our preferred route, but if this is the route that’s presented to us, we’re going to take it and make it as successful as we can make,” Huizenga said. “Ultimately, the business principles have to be sound. Whether it’s wind, solar, nuclear … these industries aren’t going to just be able to depend on government subsidies forever. At some point you’ve got to be able to stand on your own two feet.”

While Michigan remains stung by the decline in the auto industry, some officials see this new technology as an area where it can lead again.

“It’s communicating a message to people: This is a place on the cutting-edge of change and solving problems,” said John C. Austin, a Brookings senior fellow and visiting faculty member at University of Michigan. “That’s been our big problem in Michigan. We fought for years protecting the auto industry from change. Now we can be the leader in increasing the production of electric cars.”

Brookings officials acknowledge the alternative industry is hard to assess since such jobs pervade all parts of the economy, but its study last year aimed to provide a comprehensive, detailed snapshot of what the sector truly represents.

Erik Nordman, an assistant professor of renewable energy and lead investigator of the West Michigan Wind Assessment project, says the Energetx’s transition isn’t as far-fetched as it might seem because the keel of a yacht closely resembles the blade of a turbine.

With wind energy seemingly more marketable in the future, West Michigan economic developers envision a time Energetx will expand and have hundreds of workers.

“This is new product entry,” said Rick Chapla of The Right Place, a western Michigan economic development organization. “This is complex manufacturing. This is not something that has been done or will be done overnight. It won’t be done in one year. It will be done over a period of years.”

It’s fertile political ground for Obama too. Not only is Michigan considered a swing state in the November election, but he has made several trips to the area to tout clean energy projects, and his administration has provided $2.4 billion in federal grants to develop next-generation electric vehicles and batteries.

Grimes remains skeptical. He says it’s appropriate for the government to invest in research, but not in fledgling commercial enterprises. He cites Solyndra as an example but argues even “picking winners” can prove problematic, since “creative destruction” is a common byproduct of successful yet disruptive technologies.

“They don’t do well with innovation because it costs people jobs,” Grimes said.

___

Associated Press writer Tim Martin contributed to this report.

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Asian stocks rose Wednesday as investors stayed calm in the face of a possible debt default by Greece to search for good deals in technology shares boosted by stunning results from Apple Inc.

Japan’s Nikkei 225 index rose 1 percent to 8,870.22. South Korea’s Kospi gained 0.8 percent at 1,964.72 and Australia’s S&P ASX 200 added 1 percent to 4,268.70. Benchmarks in Singapore and New Zealand rose, while shares in the Philippines fell.

Markets in Hong Kong, mainland China and Taiwan remained closed for Chinese New Year.

Japan’s powerhouse export sector got a lift from a moderation in the yen’s strength even as the country reported its first annual trade deficit since 1980. A strong yen, which hit multiple historic highs last year against the dollar, shrinks the value of overseas earnings when repatriated and makes Japanese products less competitive.

Honda Motor Corp. rose 3.3 percent. Mitsubishi Motor Corp. jumped 4.4 percent and Sony Corp. added 3.1 percent. Tire-maker Bridgestone Corp. added 3.4 percent.

Technology stocks were elevated after Apple Inc. reported earnings that sailed past analyst estimates. Apple said late Tuesday said it sold 37 million iPhones in the last three months of 2011, vastly exceeding estimates and propelling the company to record quarterly results.

That stellar performance reverberated throughout the global tech industry. South Korea’s LG Electronics Inc business card., which ranks No. 2 globally in flat screen televisions, jumped 4.1 percent. Hynix Semiconductor Inc., the world’s second-largest memory chip maker, added 2.2 percent.

Stan Shamu of IG Markets in Melbourne said in an email that the gains in Asia suggested “investors are now starting to pay less attention” to Greece, which is struggling to reach a deal with creditors to prevent a chaotic default on its massive debts. A default could trigger a financial crisis in Europe and likely beyond.

Greece is trying to get its creditors to swap Greek government bonds for new ones that have half the face value. Greece faces an important bond repayment deadline in March.

The Dow Jones industrial average closed down 33 points at 12,676 on Tuesday. The Standard & Poor’s 500 lost a point to close at 1,315. The Nasdaq added two points to close at 2,787.

Benchmark oil for March delivery rose 35 cents to $99.26 per barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange. The contract fell 63 cents to end at $98.95 per barrel on the Nymex on Tuesday.

In currency trading, the euro rose to $1.3026 from $1.3021 late Tuesday in New York. The dollar rose to 77.91 yen from 77.73 yen.

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Grocery operator Supervalu Inc. said Wednesday that its fiscal third-quarter net loss widened due to costs related to a turnaround plan, continued high food prices and a cautious consumer.

The company, which operates Kirkwood-based Shop ‘n Save, Earth City-based Save-A-Lot and others, trimmed its yearly sales guidance for the second quarter in a row.

Supervalu, like most grocers, is trying to raise prices to offset high food costs without alienating shoppers that have cut spending due to worry over the economy and high unemployment. Supervalu is also facing costs related to a restructuring plan, begun well over a year ago, which has involved closing stores, selling off some businesses, lowering debt and tailoring its stores to meet local needs payday loan lenders.

Still, the company lowered its yearly sales guidance to $36.1 billion from prior guidance of $36.5 billion. Analysts expect revenue of $36.44 billion, according to Fact Set. It reaffirmed adjusted profit guidance of $1.20 to $1.30 per share. Analysts expect $1.24 per share.

For the quarter, Eden Prairie, Minn.-based Supervalu lost $750 million, or $3.54 per share, compared with a loss of $202 million, or 95 cents, last year.

Revenue fell 4 percent to $8.33 billion.

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The Federal Reserve is making the most of its tools to boost the economy, and there is evidence they have worked, a top Fed official said on Tuesday.

Cleveland Federal Reserve President Sandra Pianalto, a voter this year on the central bank’s policy-setting committee, said she “will continue to weigh the costs and benefits of further policy actions.”

Pianalto, considered on the dovish wing of the Fed more concerned with bringing down high unemployment, said she expects the economy to grow around 2.5 percent this year, and about 3 percent in 2013, making for a “moderate” recovery.

Though in the past she forecast 2-percent inflation for the next two years, in her first speech of the year Pianalto said she expects inflation to dip below that level during the first half of 2012.

The Fed late in 2008 slashed interest rates to near zero and has since bought $2 payday loans guaranteed no fax.3 trillion in long-term securities to spur growth and keep the economy afloat, in response to a deep recession and financial crisis.

Recent data from employment to manufacturing to consumer credit suggest the world’s largest economy gained momentum going into 2012, though the high 8.5 percent unemployment rate, a slow housing market recovery and the European debt crisis still pose risks.

“I have supported our policy decisions, and there is evidence that they have been effective,” Pianalto said.

“While it is true that the federal funds rate has been near zero for some time, some economic policy models indicate that monetary policy should be even more accommodative than it is today,” she added.

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Companies added more workers than forecast in December, a sign that the U.S. labor market was gaining momentum heading into 2012, according to a private report based on payrolls.

The 325,000 increase was the highest in records going back to 2001 and exceeded the highest projection in a Bloomberg News survey after a revised 204,000 gain the prior month, the report from the Roseland, New Jersey-based ADP Employer Services showed today. The median estimate called for an advance of 178,000.

An acceleration in hiring may spur further gains in consumer spending, which accounts for about 70 percent of the world